Israel's military will"take control" of Gaza City under a new plan approved by Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu's security cabinet, touching off a wave of criticism Friday from both inside and outside the country.

Nearly two years into the war in Gaza, Netanyahu faces mounting pressure to secure a truce to pull the territory's more than two million people back from the brink of famine and free the hostages held by Palestinian militants.

Israel's foe Hamas denounced the plan to expand the fighting as a"new war crime", while staunch Israeli ally Germany took the extraordinary step of halting military exports out of concern they could be used in Gaza.

Under the newly approved plan to"defeat" Hamas, the Israeli army"will prepare to take control of Gaza City while distributing humanitarian assistance to the civilian population outside combat zones", the premier's office said Friday.

Before the decision, Netanyahu had said Israel planned to seize complete control of the Gaza Strip, but did not intend to govern it.

"We don't want to keep it," the premier told US network Fox News on Thursday, adding Israel wanted a"security perimeter" and to hand the Palestinian territory to "Arab forces that will govern it properly without threatening us".

Israel occupied Gaza from 1967, but withdrew its troops and settlers in 2005.

Netanyahu's office said a majority of the security cabinet had adopted"five principles", including demilitarisation of the territory and"the establishment of an alternative civil administration that is neither Hamas nor the Palestinian Authority".

International reaction

The new plan triggered swift criticism from across the globe on Friday.

In a major shift, German Chancellor Friedrich Merz announced his country was halting military shipments to Israel, saying it was"increasingly difficult to understand" how the new plan would help achieve legitimate aims."Under these circumstances, the German government will not authorise any exports of military equipment that could be used in the Gaza Strip until further notice," he said.

The United Nations Security Council will meet in a rare weekend session on Saturday to discuss Israel's plan to take control of Gaza City, three diplomatic sources said. The meeting at 1900 GMT had been requested by several members of the Security Council, a member of the Council told AFP Friday.

United Nations Secretary-General Antonio Guterres called Israel's Gaza control plan a"dangerous escalation" and said that it "risks deepening the already catastrophic consequences for millions of Palestinians", according to his spokesperson.

UN human rights chief Volker Turk said the plan must be"immediately halted", adding that Israel should instead allow"the full, unfettered flow of humanitarian aid" and Palestinian armed groups must unconditionally release hostages.

EU chief Ursula von der Leyen said on X that"The Israeli government's decision to further extend its military operation in Gaza must be reconsidered." She called for a ceasefire, the release of all hostages and"immediate and unhindered access" for humanitarian aid in Gaza.

UK Prime Minister Keir Starmer said,"This action will do nothing to bring an end to this conflict or to help secure the release of the hostages," adding that it would "only bring more bloodshed".

French Foreign Minister Jean-Noël Barrot said that France strongly condemns the Israeli government's plan."Such an operation would worsen an already catastrophic situation, without enabling the release of Hamas's hostages, or Hamas's disarmament and surrender," he said in a statement on X.

Belgian Foreign Minister Maxime Prevot said on X that the Israeli ambassador had been summoned to express"our total disapproval of this decision".

Spain's Foreign Minister Jose Manuel Albares said,"We firmly condemn the decision of the Israeli government to escalate the military occupation of Gaza... It will only cause more destruction and suffering."

Turkey urged global pressure to halt the plan."We call on the international community to fulfil its responsibilities to prevent the implementation of this decision, which aims to forcibly displace Palestinians from their own land," read a foreign ministry statement.

Iran's foreign ministry accused Israel of seeking to"ethnically cleanse" the Palestinian territory. The plan announced by Israel"is another clear sign of the Zionist regime's specific intention to ethnically cleanse Gaza and commit genocide against the Palestinians", Iranian foreign ministry spokesman Esmaeil Baqaei said in a statement.

A statement issued by Jordan's Royal Court said King Abdullah condemned a move"which undermines the two-state solution and the rights of the Palestinian people".

Egypt's foreign affairs ministry condemned"in the strongest possible terms" Israel's plan for Gaza.

A Chinese foreign ministry spokesperson told AFP that,"Gaza belongs to the Palestinian people and is an inseparable part of Palestinian territory... The correct way to ease the humanitarian crisis in Gaza and to secure the release of hostages is an immediate ceasefire."

Canadian Prime Minister Mark Carney told reporters that the plan is "wrong" and will put the lives of the remaining Israeli hostages at risk.

'March of recklessness'

Reactions within Israel were more mixed.

Israeli opposition leader Yair Lapid denounced the cabinet's move as"a disaster that will lead to many other disasters".

He warned on X that it would result in"the death of the hostages, the killing of many soldiers, cost Israeli taxpayers tens of billions, and lead to diplomatic bankruptcy".

The main campaign group for hostages' families also slammed the plan, saying it amounted to"abandoning" the captives.

"The cabinet chose last night to embark on another march of recklessness, on the backs of the hostages, the soldiers, and Israeli society as a whole," the Hostage and Missing Families Forum said.

An expanded Israeli offensive could see ground troops operate in densely populated areas where hostages are believed to be held, local media have reported.

Other Israelis, meanwhile, offered their support.

"As they take control of Gaza, they will eliminate Hamas completely – maybe not completely, but at least a good percentage of them," said Chaim Klein, a 26-year-old yeshiva student.

The Israeli army said last month that it controlled 75 percent of the Gaza Strip, mainly from its positions in the territory along the border.

Out of 251 hostages captured during Hamas's 2023 attack, 49 are still being held in Gaza, including 27 the military says are dead.

'Extremist agenda'

Gaza residents said they feared for the worst, as they braced for the next onslaught.

"They tell us to go south, then back north, and now they want to send us south again. We are human beings, but no one hears us or sees us," Maysa al-Shanti, a 52-year-old mother of six, told AFP.

Hamas on Friday said the"plans to occupy Gaza City and evacuate its residents constitutes a new war crime".

It warned Israel that the operation would"cost it dearly", and that"expanding the aggression means sacrificing" the hostages.

International concern has been growing over the suffering of Palestinians in Gaza, where a UN-backed assessment has warned that famine is unfolding.

The World Health Organization said at least 99 people have died from malnutrition in the territory this year, with the figure likely an underestimate.

In late July, Israel partially eased restrictions on aid entering Gaza, but the United Nations says the amount allowed into the territory remains insufficient.

Amjad Al-Shawa, head of the Palestinian NGO Network in the Gaza Strip, told AFP that lengthy inspection procedures at entry points meant few trucks could come in –"between 70 to 80 per day – carrying only specific types of goods".

The UN estimates that Gaza needs at least 600 trucks of aid per day to meet residents' basic needs.

Israel's offensive has killed at least 61,258 Palestinians, according to Hamas-run Gaza's health ministry.