Official Warsaw said that Poland could be forced to execute an international warrant for the arrest of Vladimir Putin if he enters the country's airspace.
Polish Foreign Minister Radoslav Sikorski said he could not guarantee that an independent Polish court would not order the government to escort such a plane to hand over Putin to the International Criminal Court (ICC).
Sikorski reminded Radio Rodzina that the ICC order obliges member states of the court to arrest Putin if he steps on their territory.
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"I think the Russian side is aware of this," Sikorsky said, adding that the plane carrying Putin would therefore use a different route, Reuters reported.
Hungary has announced that it will ensure that Putin can enter the country to meet with Trump and return to Russia afterwards.
However, to avoid traveling via Ukraine, the Russian delegation would have to fly through the airspace of at least one EU member state.
All EU countries are members of the ICRC, although Hungary is in the process of leaving the court.
Trump said last week that he plans to meet with Putin in Budapest as part of efforts to mediate an end to the war in Ukraine.
The International Criminal Court, based in The Hague, has issued an arrest warrant for Putin in 2023, accusing him of the war crime of illegally deporting hundreds of children from Ukraine.
Russia does not recognize the jurisdiction of the ICC and denies the allegations of that court.