KUALA LUMPUR, KOMPAS.com - The Thailand-Cambodia war and the Myanmar coup cast a shadow over the 47th ASEAN Summit in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, 26–28 October 2025.

As host and rotating chair of ASEAN, Malaysia will host more than 30 heads of state, including United States President Donald Trump.

The number one man in the White House is scheduled to witness the signing of a peace agreement between Thailand and Cambodia.

Quoted from DW, here are three Southeast Asian countries that are currently in conflict, and are one of the main agendas at this year's ASEAN Summit.

1. Thailand–Cambodia War

AFP Cambodian soldiers reload a BM-21 rocket launcher in Preah Vihear Province as fighting rages against Thailand on Thursday, July 24, 2025. Cambodia denies the war with Thailand is continuing after a ceasefire was agreed in Malaysia on Monday (July 28, 2025).

The border dispute between the two neighboring countries has been going on for more than a century.

The conflict peaked in July 2025, when cross-border fighting killed at least 43 people and displaced some 300,000 residents in five days of fighting.

Malaysia, China and the US brokered a ceasefire agreement that took effect on July 29.

However, the situation on the border remains tense. Thailand has accused Cambodia of planting landmines, injuring several of its soldiers.

Cambodia denies the allegations and says the mines are remnants of a decades-old civil war.

Trump will oversee the signing of a permanent Thailand-Cambodia peace agreement on the sidelines of the ASEAN Summit.

Previously, he threatened to raise trade tariffs for both countries if the conflict continued.

Mark S Cogan, associate professor of peace and conflict studies at Japan's Kansai Gaidai University, believes that Malaysia hopes the US will exert political pressure and economic incentives for Thailand and Cambodia to comply with the peace declaration.

“Malaysia is elevating the role of the United States and Trump in the Thailand–Cambodia talks, hoping that political pressure and additional economic incentives from Washington can ensure both sides comply with the declaration,” Cogan told DW.

The peace agreement will later be known as the Kuala Lumpur Agreement, which aims to maintain the ceasefire and encourage concrete steps towards long-term peace.

2. Myanmar civil war

STR/AFP Myanmar protesters take cover behind makeshift shields to avoid police fire during an anti-coup demonstration in Hlaing Tharyar township, Yangon, Sunday (14/3/2021).

In addition to the conflict on the Thailand-Cambodia border, the ASEAN Summit will also discuss the situation in Myanmar, which has not shown any signs of improvement.